The following types of solar illumination of the subject: the frontal, diagonal, side, fire and air defense.
When the front light all the objects are uniformly illuminated by the sun. Shadows are falling over things and little seen. The diagonal coverage depicts well the plastic form of objects and terrain.
Side lighting illuminates one half of the subject. It applies to photographing landscapes, but is rarely used for portraits.
Anti-aircraft light enough acceptable, since it bitterly opposed the illumination of horizontal and vertical surfaces.
Shooting in black and white negative film, you need to bend any of the task of this process is to properly and without distortion to reproduce the scale of the brightness of the object photography. This means that if an object has a picture, for example, any two of brightness, and one of them a certain number of times bigger than the other, that have a negative image that the brightness should remain unchanged, it is natural in inverse proportion. If the demand correspondence holds for any pair of brightness, i.e. For the whole scale, the negative image correctly reproduces the object or subject taken. Positive image, obtained with such negativity that will match the original.
However, the brightness or range of brightness (as it is called) object photography, illuminated by natural (sun) light, sometimes reaching enormous size. For example, in the dark aisles, arches of bridges and gates with bright sunlit brightness dalyu interval may lie between 1 1000-1: 10 000.
In most cases, when taking pictures in nature has a smaller range of brightness value: landscape plan, with an average shadow in sunlight 1: 100-1: 300.
In order to fully reproduce the negative full scale brightness of the object must have a film with very high latitude. If the latitude of negative film than the interval of brightness contrast or high contrast subject, must decide whether it is more important attention to detail in the shadows or highlights. Accordingly, the selected measures to reduce the contrast of the object.
One way is to use a neutral gray filter, which provides uniform, selective absorption of visible light.
At the same time, in order to photograph did not look monotonous and dull, owing to the fact that white and blue colors on a monochromatic film is almost the same impact on the image and obtain a gray tone, you can use the yellow filter. This is especially necessary when the composition of the photograph is a large piece of the sky, as if there are no filter white clouds and blue sky can be expressed indefinitely. Therefore need to loosen the intensity of incident solar radiation film. This can be achieved using a yellow filter, because the glass absorbs a considerable portion of blue light. As a result, areas that emit blue light, the negative will be lighter and more tents on the positive. Thus, the sky in photo prints gets deep gray tone, lightens the cloud, clearly indicated their contours. |